闵德权,孙晓娜,李宇航,江可鉴.考虑道路坡度影响的多约束冷链配送问题研究[J].包装工程,2023,44(13):236-244.
MIN De-quan,SUN Xiao-na,LI Yu-hang,JIANG Ke-jian.Research on Multi Constraint Cold Chain Distribution Problem Considering the Effect of Road Slope[J].Packaging Engineering,2023,44(13):236-244. |
| 考虑道路坡度影响的多约束冷链配送问题研究 |
| Research on Multi Constraint Cold Chain Distribution Problem Considering the Effect of Road Slope |
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| DOI：10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2023.13.028 |
| 中文关键词: 道路坡度 多约束 冷链配送 K–means多维时空聚类 改进的遗传算法 |
| 英文关键词: road slope multi constraint cold chain distribution K-means multi-dimensional spatiotemporal clustering improved genetic algorithm |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金(18VHQ005) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 为改进传统冷链VRP将配送区域默认为二维平面，使得实际调度与理想状态产生差异而造成配送成本增加的问题，本文对相关问题进行深入研究，旨在合理规划资源配置，提升企业经济效益。方法 通过引入坡度函数对油耗成本和碳排放成本进行计算，综合考虑三维空间位置、多车型、载质量变化、客户取送货需求和时间窗要求等多种现实约束，并提出一种基于K–means多维时空聚类的改进遗传算法进行求解。结果 求解结果表明，若最初将道路坡度考虑在成本计算内，可有效降低9.58%的配送成本。同时，应避免大型车辆在重载时突然发生海拔变化。当发生海拔变化时，大型车辆可在卸载一部分货物后改变至更高的高度。结论 本文研究的模型更加贴近实际路网，具有更高的适用性，特别是对有明显道路坡度城市的冷链品的配送具有现实的借鉴意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to solve the problem that the traditional cold chain VRP defaults the distribution area to a two-dimensional plane, which makes the actual scheduling different from the ideal state and causes the distribution cost to increase, the work aims to make an in-depth research on related problems, aiming at rationally planning the allocation of resources and improving the economic benefits of enterprises. The fuel consumption cost and carbon emission cost were calculated by introducing the slope function, and various realistic constraints such as three-dimensional space location, multiple models, load changes, customer's pickup and delivery requirements, and time window requirements were comprehensively considered. The improved genetic algorithm of K-means multi-dimensional spatiotemporal clustering was solved. The solution results indicated that if the road slope was initially considered in the cost calculation, the distribution cost could be effectively reduced by 9.58%. At the same time, large vehicles should avoid sudden altitude changes when heavily loaded. When the altitude changed, large vehicles could change to a higher altitude after some goods were unloaded. The model studied is closer to the actual road network and has higher applicability, especially for the distribution of cold chain products in cities with obvious road slopes, which has practical reference significance. |
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