李昂,张鹏,李春媛,颜廷才,李江阔,徐勇,李博强.1-MCP和丁香精油对苹果链格孢和曲霉抑性的影响[J].包装工程,2019,40(11):17-25.
LI Ang,ZHANG Peng,LI Chun-yuan,YAN Ting-cai,LI Jiang-kuo,XU Yong,LI Bo-qiang.Effects of 1-MCP and Clove Essential Oil on Inhibition of Alternaria Alternata and Aspergillus[J].Packaging Engineering,2019,40(11):17-25. |
| 1-MCP和丁香精油对苹果链格孢和曲霉抑性的影响 |
| Effects of 1-MCP and Clove Essential Oil on Inhibition of Alternaria Alternata and Aspergillus |
| 投稿时间：2019-03-05 修订日期：2019-06-10 |
| DOI：10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2019.11.003 |
| 中文关键词: 苹果 致病菌 丁香精油 1-MCP 抑菌 |
| 英文关键词: apple pathogen clove essential oil 1-MCP antibacterial |
| 基金项目:“十三五”国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0400903） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究1-MCP和丁香精油在离体和活体条件下对采后苹果的主要致腐菌（苹果链格孢和曲霉）的抑制作用。方法 以‘寒富’苹果为实验材料，通过分离纯化腐烂寒富苹果上的菌后，再进行体外抑菌实验和苹果活体接种试验。结果 从腐烂寒富苹果中分离得到链格孢和曲霉等2个属。致腐能力由大到小为曲霉、链格孢。在离体条件下，1-MCP和丁香精油对供试菌种有显著的抑制作用，1-MCP对苹果链格孢、曲霉的最低抑制含量分别为8 μL/L和9 μL/L。丁香精油对苹果链格孢、曲霉的最低抑制含量分别为5 μL/L和7 μL/L。在活体实验中，1-MCP（5 μL/L）处理对苹果果实病斑直径扩展的控制作用最显著，对链格孢的抑菌率在第6 d时达到18.17%，对曲霉的抑菌率在第6 d时达到27.31%。丁香精油的活体最佳抑菌含量为12 μL/L，在第6 d时对链格孢的抑菌率可达79.36%，对曲霉的抑菌率达到34.82%。结论 实验中1-MCP的最佳用药含量为5 μL/L，丁香精油为12 μL/L。1-MCP对果实上曲霉的抑制效果较显著，而丁香精油对链格孢的抑制作用更好。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The paper aims to study the inhibitory effects of 1-MCP and clove essential oil on the main decaying strains of postharvest apples, Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus in vitro and in vivo conditions. “Hanfu” apple was used as experimental material to isolate and purify the rot and clove essential oil apples, and then in vitro experiments and apple inoculation experiments were carried out. Two genera were isolated from the rot and clove essential oil apples: Alternaria and Aspergillus. The ability to cause rot decreased from Aspergillus and Alternaria. Under in vitro conditions, 1-MCP and clove essential oil had significant inhibitory effects on the tested strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration of 1-MCP against Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus were 8 μL/L and 9 μL/L respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration of clove essential oil on Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus were 5 μL/L and 7 μL/L respectively. In the in vivo experiment, 5 μL / L 1-MCP treatment had the most significant effect on the control of the diameter expansion of apple fruit. The inhibition rate against Alternaria was 18.17% at the 6th day, and that against Aspergillus reached 27.31% at the 6th day. The optimal inhibitory concentration of clove clove essential oil 12 μL/L. At the 6th day, the inhibition rate against Alternaria was 79.36%, and that against Aspergillus was 34.82%. In this experiment, the optimal concentration of 1-MCP is 5 μL/L, and that of the essential oil of clove is 12 μL/L.1-MCP has a significant inhibitory effect on Aspergillus, while clove essential oil has a better inhibitory effect on Alternaria. |
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